Book Review Lydias Open Door Essay - 1518 Words

Lydia’s Open Door by American Anthropologist Patty Kelly is an intriguing case study about both the hidden and not so hidden aspects of sex work in Chiapas, Mexico. Her book proves the usefulness of ethnographic works where she engages with unconventional ways of knowing in order to determine the complex relationships that help to reproduce gender inequality. Lydia’s Open Door contextualizes prostitution within a political and economic framework revealing how it is impossible to diagnose one without the others. She uses both macro and micro-analysis to deconstruct the variability in how prostitution is practiced, regulated and perceived through space and time. Throughout her ethnography she discusses how globalization and†¦show more content†¦She explains that the creation of the Zona Galactica can be attributed to the 1982 foreign debt crisis which â€Å"precipitated the massive shift in Mexican political ideology and economic policy† (10). Mexic o was in turmoil from the loss of export earnings due to a worldwide recession as well as from the soaring interest rates on the loans that were given by US, Japanese, and European banks to third world countries. Unable to pay, Mexico became a vulnerable contender for neoliberal restructuring. This neoliberal restructuring, Kelly explains, came as a condition with structural adjustment loans given out by the World Bank and International Monetary Fund in order to help poor countries pay off their debt. Kelly defines neoliberalism as a more aggressive version of capitalism which encompasses an entirely deregulated market along with heightened consumerism (3-4). However, she is very effective in pointing out that these structural adjustment loans along with their conditions were not necessarily for the purpose of making poor countries more modern and efficient, but were essentially self-serving. She states that neoliberal structural adjustment put these economies in the hands of b ureaucrats in Washington, D.C. which began a recolonization of the developing world. Kelly conceptualizes the struggle for modernity as the missing link between state-regulated prostitution and neoliberal restructuring. This frames the Zona Galactica as an

Heinrich Himmler s Speech On The Holocaust - 943 Words

Heinrich Himmler was born on October 7, 1900, in Munich, Germany where he grew up to become the second most powerful man in the third Reich. His cause of fame was due to his control over the SS and Gestapo, as well as his jurisdiction concerning the holocaust. Himmler was given control of the SS, also known as the Nazi Party in 1929. Since he had authority, he began to expand his influence across Europe. In the late summer of 1941, Himmler got the approval to organize a mass murder among the Jewish people. With inspiration of exterminating the Jews, Himmler delivered a speech to SS officers in Poznan, October 4, 1943. This speech elaborated about his beliefs and order of conquered people. This speech motivated the Schutzstaffel to kill approximately eleven million people. (Salem Press Biographical Encyclopedia, Heinrich Himmler) Himmler announced his speech in German. Inconveniently, I can’t understand German, however, this article accurately translates Himmler’s speech from German to English. My source is are from original documents on the holocaust, found in Trial of War Criminals Before the Nurnberg Military Tribunals – Washington, U.S Govt. Print. Off., 1949-1953, Vol. XII, p.232, and Himmler, Reichsfuehrer SS-P. The purpose of this source was to manipulate people into thinking that Jews were an inferior race and a threat to German policies. The historical context, in which the speech was announced, was told during World War II, and the holocaust. World War IIShow MoreRelatedHy3 Personal Sources Pack1122 Words   |  5 Pages‘Personal sources pack’ Assignment title ‘The Holocaust was the result of Hitler’s long-held grand design to pursue a programme of annihilation against the Jews.’ Pack Created by: Ryan Buckle Attributions in normal text and sources are in boxes with italic writing. History HY3 sources Intentionalist Document 9 Speech delivered by Hitler in Salzburg, 7 or 8 August 1920. (NSDAP meeting) Source: D Irving, The War Path: Hitler s Germany 1933-1939. Papermac, 1978, p.xxi The followingRead MoreAnalysis Of David Irving s Hitler s War Essay1508 Words   |  7 PagesThese actions of subverting the authority of science and academia is where the Holocaust revisionists come into the picture. Many of the most prominent revisionists derive their authority from their title as historians. Perhaps the most famous of these people is David Irving. David Irving was a renowned historian in his knowledge of Nazi Germany. He published multiple books that were incredibly detailed looks into World War II. Of his works, he is well known for Hitler’s War, The Destruction of DresdenRead MoreThe Holocaust - Hidden Under Conspiracy, Doubt, And Denial2563 Words   |  11 PagesHidden under conspiracy, doubt, and denial, the truth of what really happened during the Holocaust has been revealed through an immense amount of investigation and research. Nazis were essentially ordered to exterminate Jewish existence from the face of the earth, and created an aim to fi nish off the Jews in Europe by either gassing, shooting, or even starving them to death. There have been claims from deniers that these stories were only conspiracy theories made by the Jews to justify their atrociousRead MoreThe Holocaust Essay example2625 Words   |  11 PagesNations. What made the leaders of the 41 States create and sign this document in which the term Genocide was legally defined? This document serves as a permanent reminder of the actions made by the Nazis and their leader Adolf Hitler during the Holocaust where more than five million of European Jews were killed. In summary I will explain what were the events that leaded the ordinary Germans kill more than six million Jews in less than five years. To achieve this goal, I will base my arguments onRead MoreGetting New Jeans Three Weeks Ago1905 Words   |  8 Pagesassigned readings about the Holocaust. Then a wave of guilt overcame me and slapped me in the face. Why would I allow myself such luxuries while I read about such a horrific event? I felt disrespectful just thinking of having the ability to sit in the comfort of my own home, make delicious, abundant food, drink a beer, read on my comfortable cushioned couch and heated house while I spend hundreds of thousands of dollars to receive an art education and take a class about the Holocaust. It was from that pointRead MoreThe Trials During The Second World War1752 Words   |  8 Pagesthe Soviet Union and the indictments were divided into three major sections: Crimes against peace, humanity and War crimes (â€Å"JURISDICTION AND GENERAL PRINCIPLES† 6). Ultimately, ten war criminals were sentenced to death, excluding Adolf Hitler, Heinrich Himmler, and Joseph Goebbels, who had committed suicide before the trials. Julius Streicher, who was notable as the founder and editor of an anti-semitic German newspaper, â€Å"Der Stà ¼rmer†, was accused of committing crimes against both peace and humanity;Read MoreThe Perpetrators : Killers, Victims, Or Both?2367 Words   |  10 Pagesmass genocide came to be known as the Holocaust (a Greek-origin word meaning â€Å"sacrifice by fire†), the Nazi’s Final Solution for the total annihilation of anyone deemed inferior to the Aryan race, including gypsies, homosexuals, and Slavic groups, but most of all, the Jewish people. From 1938-1945 during World War II, before Allied Powers intervened, 10 million victims were murdered; 6 million of those were Jews (â€Å"Holocaust†). Another huge outcome of the Holocaust were a set of criminal trials calledRead MoreThe German Government3882 Words   |  16 Pagesnot have surfaced, and the Nazi party itself would have crumbled under the pressure it faced while battling with America and numerous other powerhouses during World War II. The eventual ideas and concepts that come into existence during the early 1900’s were underlying, unconscious feelings of a group of people who lived their lives base d on the morals and thoughts of the generations that came before them, and were scared to voice their own opinions in many cases, or even think for themselves, and seemedRead MoreThe Effectiveness Of Nazi Propaganda3046 Words   |  13 Pagesnew image building phenomena and prove its use built the man into a myth of sorts. The effectiveness of Nazi propaganda was greater than anyone could have anticipated because Hitler s regime constructed a language of the people using logical fallacies to win the hearts and minds of the German populace. In Hitler s speeches he would state three or four bullet points that the average citizen knew to be true, then couple those bullet points with his own agenda. His lies, therefore, became truthful

Leadership & Clinical Governance-Free-Samples-Myassignementhelp

Question: Examine and Critically discuss the evidence related to the Impact of Effective Communication on maintaining Patient Safety. Answer: Globally, there has been a recent increase in escalating costs and demands across all healthcare organizations. The major challenges faced by caregivers and health professionals working in a healthcare setting are a fiscal constraints, increased demand for access to health resources, high client expectations, and issues that violate patient safety and quality of care being provided (Mannix, Wilkes Daly, 2013). Thus, effective governance is imperative to maximize appropriate care delivery services. This is achieved by demonstrating clinical leadership that ensures high quality health care system. To achieve positive health outcomes, clinical leaders need to demonstrate adequate competence and skills, which will help them to communicate with the multidisciplinary clinical groups existing in a healthcare unit (Hutchinson Jackson, 2013). This essay will illustrate the effects of effective communication by nurses on patient safety and will also reflect on an incident that will demonstrate the adverse events that occurred due to miscommunication with a patient. Impact of effective communication on patient safety- Nurses often act as the forefront of healthcare delivery system by being directly involved in providing a holistic and client-centered care to them. Thus, they play a crucial role in identifying the health status of patients, supporting them and preventing the occurrence of any adverse events. Nurse leaders are therefore responsible for building alliances and connections across the healthcare setting by fostering effective communication among the patients, family, caregivers, key stakeholders and the administration (Cousin et al., 2012). The positive effects of communication skills on the capacity of patients to cope up with chronic disorders and show better outcomes have been demonstrated by several research evidences conducted in the past decades (Cooper et al., 2012). The ability of a nursing leader to listen, explain, and empathise with the client creates deep-rooted impacts on the health outcomes and patient satisfaction. Most studies have provided evidence that the ineffective communication acts as the major cause of inadvertent patient harm. Failure to communicate appropriately leads to transfer of inadequate and ambiguous information, faulty exchanges and lack of effective information exchange (Daly, Speedy Jackson, 2015). Thus, improving communication is considered to be of utmost priority for enhancing patient care quality (Radtke, 2013). It has been proved by studies that effective interaction between team members leads to an increased work efficiency and clinical outcomes, reduction in workloads and adverse drug events, elimination of chances of medication errors, lowering of patient morbidity, and improved satisfaction of both the nurses and their clients. Communication skills are essential for nurses because they spend a considerable amount of time with their clients (Bramhall, 2014). It is integral to develop rapport with patients in order to promote holistic patient care. Efficient communication leads to the establishment of supportive relationships. This view has also been supported by other study, which states that active listening, demonstration of compassion towards patients are more likely to increase positive patient experiences (Shirley Sanders, 2013). Evidences for the positive impacts of communication skills on patient outcomes were demonstrated by another mixed methods study that evaluated the effects of the SAGE and THYME foundation level workshop (Connolly et al., 2014). SAGE and THYME refers to a mnemonic that helps in structured conversation with distressed people. SAGE stands for setting, ask, gather, and empathy. It brings the person into the conversation. THYME encompasses talk, help, you, me, and end. It helps in bringing them out of the conversation. The results demonstrated that non-verbal communication skills, structured conversations and verbal behavior were successful in eliciting positive patient responses. The positive impacts of communication on patient safety were also supported by a study that suggested communication failures often lead to negative health outcomes due to medication errors (Brock et al., 2013). Adequate training of inter-professional healthcare teams helps in increasing positive attitudes and knowledge among the patients and reduces incidence of adverse health outcomes among patients suffering from asthma, tachycardia, congestive heart failure and seizures. A similar view was opined by authors of another study who considered communication to be the hallmark of safe delivery in perinatal units (Lyndon et al., 2011). Nursing leaders, who are attentive, respectful towards patients and competent to communicate with the physicians, efficiently prevent chances of errors in care delivery and help to safeguard a patient. Hierarchical differences, lack of administrative support and weak collaboration among professionals are some of the challenges to effective inter-professional communication (Doyle, Lennox Bell, 2013). Data from other studies also state that lack of proper framework to facilitate verbal communication, differing opinions among nurses and frequent distractions also violate patient safety (Coelho Galan, 2012). Intimidating behaviours are responsible for causing errors in mediation, adverse health outcomes and poor patient satisfaction. This in turn increases hospitalisation costs and creates dissatisfaction among the patients and their family members (Cummings et al., 2010). Reflection on an incident related to ineffective communication- In this part I intend to reflect on a situation that occurred during the first year of my clinical practice, which gave me the opportunity to understand the importance of effective communication in patient care. This incident occurred when an elderly patient Mandy (pseudonym) was admitted to the ward where I was assisting my mentor and involved miscommunication between the nurse-in-charge and the patient. The concerned nurse failed to demonstrate adequate communication skills, which created difficulties for Mandy to perform tasks such as toileting, undressing and self-feeding. Failure of the nurse to identify the non-verbal gestures shown by the patient made her restless and she suffered a fall from the bed. This led to several bruises on the latters arms and legs. To prevent occurrence of this incident in near future the nurse-in-charge put up a patient bed side board. This facilitated easy communication between the patient, her family members and the concerned staff in the ward. The RN started to communicate about all events that happened during that shift by writing instructions on the board. She reassured Mandy that proper care would be taken by holding the latters hands and putting an arm around her shoulder (Daly, Speedy Jackson, 2015). She further used simple, short sentences, maintained a low voice pitch, an eye contact and paid attention to the cues that suggested that Mandy was overwhelmed by the caring behaviour shown towards her. Styles and characteristics of clinical leadership- All nurses are expected to exhibit powerful leadership skills in a hospital setting that helps them to achieve their goals. There are several recognised styles of clinical leadership. For instance, the transactional leadership makes the senior nurses promote compliance to the followers, generally the junior staff by punishments and rewards (McCleskey, 2014). A transactional leader focuses on organisation, supervision and team performance. They pay attention to all staff in order to find flaws and deviations. This leadership style proves effective in crisis situations. The transformational leadership style focuses on building relationships with staff and motivating them through a shared vision. Such leaders increase the confidence and inspire the workers to improve their performances (Garca-Morales, Jimnez-Barrionuevo Gutirrez-Gutirrez, 2012). This helps them to earn the loyalty and respect of the staff. However, they often overlook the job details. A democratic leader encourages open discussion and participation of all nursing staff during the decision making process. The staffs are entitled with the responsibility of giving feedback on clinical performance. They emphasise on quality improvement of the patient care. Although it leads to a slower decision-making process, this leadership increases job satisfaction (Bhatti et al., 2012). On the other hand, the authoritarian leaders rely on personal knowledge and make decisions without considering staff input. This result in negative reinforcement and the leaders do not tolerate mistakes. They blame individuals for any faults in the nursing care and withheld critical information from the team (Schuh, Zhang Tian, 2013). However, the positive aspect of this leadership is its role in controlling emergency situations. Conversely, an emotionally intelligent leader is self-aware and exhibits empathy, social skills, motivates the staff, and is able to regulate personal feelings (Heckemann, Schols Halfens, 2015). Such leaders are able to stay in control and assess any emergency situation in a calm manner. They do not blame others for any mistakes and rather hold themselves accountable for any adverse incidents in the care setting. Providing empathy to the team and giving constructive feedback helps them to earn respect. Similarly, charismatic leaders are noted for their abi lity to motivate and inspire the staff to show commitment towards the organisation and perform better (Vlachos, Panagopoulos Rapp, 2013). This form of leadership relies on the persuasiveness of the leaders and they share similarities with the transformational leaders. On the other hand, the Laissez-faire leadership style makes the leaders provide negligible direction or supervision to the staff. They take a hands-off approach and rarely make decisions. Thus, the staff are left to meet their goals without any assistance and it is often manifested by leaders who area about to end their careers (Furtner, Baldegger Rauthmann, 2013). Clinical leaders need to exhibit certain characteristics that will help them improve the team performance. They should be respectful and fair towards the staff and should treat them in an equitable manner. Enforcing cooperation and assisting the workers in their individual work also promotes team work (Mannix, Wilkes Daly, 2013). The leaders should be compassionate, and should exhibit the qualities of humility, courage, honesty, commitment, passion and sincerity. This helps them to earn respect and become a good leader. These observable attributes help them to listen, consult and involve all workers while implementing a plan and establishes rapport with the team members (Leggat Balding, 2013). Thus, confronting conflicts, using shared decision-making and developing effective communication networks helps in building a good working environment. Thus, my experience at the ward helped me understand that the nurse had initially displayed a lack of communication skills, which eventually led to violation of the patient safety. I understood that our nursing profession requires us to be responsible for the person who are ill and are unable to advocate for themselves. Therefore, we need to effectively utilize our interpersonal communication skills in order to support the emotional, spiritual and psychological development and needs of our patients (Daly, Speedy Jackson, 2015). The incident helped me to gain an understanding of the fact that a display of poor communication can directly lead to the occurrence of avoidable medical errors, as was seen in the aforementioned incident. I also understood that such errors increase stress, burnouts and poor job satisfaction among nurses (Boldy et al., 2013). The nurse in this case was a democratic leader. It was quite effective as we all felt valued and attempted to give our best in future p ractice. Furthermore, she displayed honesty in recognising the flaws and showed commitment towards providing the patient positive health outcomes. I will talk openly about the cultural taboos that might contribute to reluctance of clients to share their difficulties. I will learn how to respectfully disagree to the decisions of a client and his/her family members and will maintain composure in all situations. I will recognise my strengths and weakness and will negotiate different tasks based on individual interests and strengths. This will increase my problem solving capability (Radtke, 2013). I will also try to become an active listener and ply close attention to what my patients say. Avoiding unwanted interruptions in the conversation and showing empathy towards them will facilitate easy management of the patient. I also wish to improve my understanding of non-verbal cues such as, body language and facial expression that will assist me to better connect with my patients and provide them holistic care. Taking regular feedback from the patients and their family will also help me to identify any wrong practices that have been followed and will provide me with an opportunity for future improvement (Cousin et al., 2012). To summarise, it can be stated that effective communication is critical to patient safety. A failure to communicate with patients efficiently, creates harmful effects on their health status, increases risks of adverse events and leads to poor patient outcomes. This creates difficulties in maintaining patient safety. The accurate and unbroken transmission of important information is therefore essential in healthcare settings. A communication initiative must be successfully implemented in order to promote patient safety. This can be achieved by the exhibition of clinical leadership skills by nurses, which depends on integration of leadership practice and clinical expertise. Clinical leaders help in facilitating strong collaboration and communication with the patients, as well as the multidisciplinary teams operating in a healthcare setting. Thus, it can be concluded that good communication skills create positive relationships, prevent adverse events and help in safeguarding a patient. References Bhatti, N., Maitlo, G. M., Shaikh, N., Hashmi, M. A., Shaikh, F. M. (2012). The impact of autocratic and democratic leadership style on job satisfaction.International Business Research,5(2), 192. Boldy, D., Della, P., Michael, R., Jones, M., Gower, S. (2013). Attributes for effective nurse management within the health services of Western Australia, Singapore and Tanzania.Australian Health Review,37(2), 268-274. Bramhall, E. (2014). Effective communication skills in nursing practice.Nursing standard,29(14), 53-59. Brock, D., Abu-Rish, E., Chiu, C. R., Hammer, D., Wilson, S., Vorvick, L., ... Zierler, B. (2013). Interprofessional education in team communication: working together to improve patient safety.BMJ Qual Saf,22(5), 414-423. Coelho, K. R., Galan, C. (2012). Physician cross-cultural nonverbal communication skills, patient satisfaction and health outcomes in the physician-patient relationship.International journal of family medicine,2012. Connolly, M., Thomas, J. M., Orford, J. A., Schofield, N., Whiteside, S., Morris, J., Heaven, C. (2014). The impact of the SAGE THYME foundation level workshop on factors influencing communication skills in health care professionals.Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions,34(1), 37-46. Cooper, L. A., Roter, D. L., Carson, K. A., Beach, M. C., Sabin, J. A., Greenwald, A. G., Inui, T. S. (2012). The associations of clinicians implicit attitudes about race with medical visit communication and patient ratings of interpersonal care.American journal of public health,102(5), 979-987. Cousin, G., Mast, M. S., Roter, D. L., Hall, J. A. (2012). Concordance between physician communication style and patient attitudes predicts patient satisfaction.Patient education and counseling,87(2), 193-197. Cummings, G. G., MacGregor, T., Davey, M., Lee, H., Wong, C. A., Lo, E., ... Stafford, E. (2010). Leadership styles and outcome patterns for the nursing workforce and work environment: a systematic review.International journal of nursing studies,47(3), 363-385. Daly, J., Speedy, S., Jackson, D. (2015).Leadership and Nursing: Contemporary Perspectives. Elsevier Health Sciences, 1-19. Doyle, C., Lennox, L., Bell, D. (2013). A systematic review of evidence on the links between patient experience and clinical safety and effectiveness.BMJ open,3(1), 001570. Furtner, M. R., Baldegger, U., Rauthmann, J. F. (2013). Leading yourself and leading others: Linking self-leadership to transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership.European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology,22(4), 436-449. Garca-Morales, V. J., Jimnez-Barrionuevo, M. M., Gutirrez-Gutirrez, L. (2012). Transformational leadership influence on organizational performance through organizational learning and innovation.Journal of business research,65(7), 1040-1050. Heckemann, B., Schols, J. M., Halfens, R. J. (2015). A reflective framework to foster emotionally intelligent leadership in nursing.Journal of nursing management,23(6), 744-753. Hutchinson, M., Jackson, D. (2013). Transformational leadership in nursing: towards a more critical interpretation.Nursing inquiry,20(1), 11-22. Leggat, S. G., Balding, C. (2013). Achieving organisational competence for clinical leadership: the role of high performance work systems.Journal of health organization and management,27(3), 312-329. Lyndon, A., Zlatnik, M. G., Wachter, R. M. (2011). Effective physician-nurse communication: a patient safety essential for labor and delivery.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology,205(2), 91-96. Mannix, J., Wilkes, L., Daly, J. (2013). Attributes of clinical leadership in contemporary nursing: an integrative review.Contemporary nurse,45(1), 10-21. McCleskey, J. A. (2014). Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), 117. Radtke, K. (2013). Improving patient satisfaction with nursing communication using bedside shift report.Clinical Nurse Specialist,27(1), 19-25. Schuh, S. C., Zhang, X. A., Tian, P. (2013). For the good or the bad? Interactive effects of transformational leadership with moral and authoritarian leadership behaviors.Journal of Business Ethics,116(3), 629-640. Shirley, E. D., Sanders, J. O. (2013). Patient satisfaction: implications and predictors of success.JBJS,95(10), e69. Vlachos, P. A., Panagopoulos, N. G., Rapp, A. A. (2013). Feeling good by doing good: Employee CSR-induced attributions, job satisfaction, and the role of charismatic leadership.Journal of business ethics,118(3), 577-588.

Sample business plan free essay sample

Frost Goddess Posies aims to be a cornerstone in the community creating a neighbourhood atmosphere where customers feel comfortable and become instant regulars. We seek to offer unique and delectable pastries, personalized all-occasion cakes, healthy and organic beverages and fresh, high quality floral arrangements. We will continuously improve all aspects of our business in order to sustain the long-term success of our customers and ourselves. Frost Goddess Posies is dedicated to operating with a constant enthusiasm for learning, being open to implementing new ideas, and maintaining a willingness to adapt to evolving market conditions. Economic Situation Demand for baked and pastry goods is being driven by changing lifestyles, which leaves little time to prepare meals. Busy consumers are increasingly quick to buy convenient baked snack foods such as wraps and sandwiches. According to research from Global Industry Analysts, the global baked goods industry is expected to exceed $310 billion in 2015. The global baked goods market has shown rapid recovery following the economic recession, recording strong growth over recent years. Factors fuelling market expansion include convenience, affordability and health benefits of baked goods products. Demand for healthier fortified baked products has also driven sales. In the Philippines, baking has grown over the last century from a relatively small industry to a large, popular industry. Initially, the island featured mainly independent pastry shops that serviced cities and towns and provided employment to the local people. Nowadays, chain bakeries have increased the number of bakeries in the Philippines and have also lowered the prices of bakery products. Due to the increased demand for pastry products from the population in the Philippines, the pastry industry has grown, leading to it providing greater employment opportunities both in the bakeries and in central management. Most countries with developed economies, as well as a number of developing countries, have strong pastry industries. Bakeries provide necessities to the population in terms of bread, cereals, biscuits, pastries, scones and cake products. Almost every household relies on the consumption of staple products such as bread, and so the pastry industry is able to thrive with this large, reliable demand. Bakeries require skilled bakers as well as other employees to serve customers, meaning the industry provides significant employment opportunities. Many people in their later teen years take up apprenticeships in pastries to learn the trade. It is debatable as to whether or not bakeries will continue to thrive in todays modernized world. This is for the most part down to the rise in the power of supermarket chains. Many supermarkets now provide bread and other bakery products themselves some even have their own bakeries in-store. This is bad news for independent bakeries who struggle to compete with the supermarkets; they are unable to provide the same level of convenience. That said, in most cases the quality of their goods is significantly higher than those sold in supermarkets. It remains to be seen whether the bakery industry will be able to survive when the major supermarkets have such great monopoly power. When it comes to flower shop today as far as economic situation is good, people are motivated to spend money for buying flowers or gifts at your shop and once in a while they may order wedding flowers from your shop. This kind of situation greatly helps your business make reasonable amount of revenue and profit and it looks like you have no serious problems with continuing your floral business. Although the economy is quite good, but when observed that the business in the food and beverages continues to grow continuously, because food is one of the four factors that need to consume for daily life. The small businesses that do not require much investment, you can store your own business as well. Nowadays, customers have high tend to consumption pastry product but they have few choices to choose so we try to create the business of Frost Goddess Posies to support their demand. Pastry shops are popular businesses because the sale of baked goods is not hugely affected by economic factors; products like bread will always be required, and in large quantities. They are also popular for first-time entrepreneurs because of the (comparatively) low start-up costs. It’s also easy to specialise – adding an additional service in order to bolster income and stand out from the crowd. Awareness of high quality baked goods is on the rise. Our company is pastry and flower shop under name Frost Goddess Posies that located at Gualberto Avenue Poblacion C Rosario, Batangas. We start as an idea of having a pastry shop who will give all-in-one services to the customer. The proposed company Frost Goddess Posies is in the early stages of development. Our pastry products will be offered with a variety of flavours, frosting, sizes, styles, toppings, and decorations. In addition to retail sales, the shop will sell quality baked goods, personalized cakes and cupcakes, fresh and organic fruit shakes and high quality floral arrangements to the residents and tourists of Rosario, Batangas. We can loosely be described as a quick-service pastry shop where customers sit around a bar and watch their pastries and fruit shakes being made. The show, as well as the product, is our main selling point. It is expected that the majority of revenue in the first year will be derived from in-store retail purchases. However, once the pastry shop has established a good reputation within the community, its primary revenue will most likely be from custom orders for special events. Frost Goddess believes that eating and drinking healthy foods can have a significant impact on a person’s well-being and attitude, especially for those who believe in consuming only natural ingredients. We have many menus to choose and price not expensive. The main menus are seasonal fruit shakes, hot/iced coffee, personalized cakes and cupcakes and floral arrangement. Customers can feel like they eating at home because our services are familiarly and give the best for them because we think we like a customer to know what customers want. Our main target market is residents in the urban areas because Rosario has 7,418 residents. So we provide the place that they can meet, eat and relax together. And other target markets are tourist visiting the nearby area and residents of rural areas. When Frost Goddess first opens, it will host a grand opening to gain consumer awareness. The event will offer free samples of a variety of products offered by the business to achieve consumer interest and desire, which in turn will increase consumer purchases. Community involvement will also greatly promote Frost Goddess as the company shows its participation and intent to contribute to the community. Such involvement will also increase consumer awareness as community members are frequently exposed to the business name. These plans for Frost Goddess are intended to help the business grow more successful and profitable. However, through the use of financial analysis customer surveys, and market share comparisons, the company will be capable of determining which of these strategies truly are productive to help the business thrive. Evaluating the effectiveness of different methods of marketing, Frost Goddess will learn what is needed for the company to be an absolute success. Competitive Advantages Product quality is critical to food industry. For that reason, Frost Goddess Posies will ensure quality product through the use of fresh ingredients, sale of only fresh pastry and floral products and focus on cleanliness. Unlike other pastry shops, Frost Goddess Posies will sell seasonal fruit shakes, cupcakes, and cakes with flavours corresponding to the season. This treats will also only be available for a limited time each year. The establishment will be able to set itself apart by superior ingredients, hard to find specialty items and exceptional flavour. This community has a population of 105,561residences according to 2010 Census of the Municipality. There are no pastry shops in the neighbourhood that offer baked goods, floral arrangements and fruit shakes all-in-one. . The residences of the area have choices, such as Goldilocks Bakeshop but unlike them Frost Goddess Posies provide unique products and services. We can loosely be described as an all-in-one service pastry shop where offers variety of products. Customers sit around a bar and watch their order being made. The show, as well as the product, is our main selling point. Situation of Today’s Competition On today’s market there is a never ending variety of the most delicious sweets and pastries to please both the palate and the eyes. The bakery sector is changing in step with society: people are spending less time eating meals but their demands for quality and traceability are increasing. In recent years there has been a tangible shift within the bakery sector. The industry has witnessed a significant fall in the number of independent bakeries and master bakers which is partly due to the considerable increase of competitors including supermarkets and other convenience outlets. The future of the bakery business rises and falls on the tastes of customers. The willingness of consumers to pay more for specialty breads and pastries depends on the health of the overall economy, and growth in this industry is limited to population growth at approximately 1 percent every year, according to a June 2011 Bakery Industries Snapshot from the Center For Economic Vitality. Most bakery businesses only grow by buying out their competitors or taking a portion of their business . In the Philippines, bakeshops are found in nearly every street or corner. Although Red Ribbon and Goldilocks are among the country’s most popular brands, Julies Bakeshop of the Gandianco family now claims dominance as the countrys largest bread and pastry-maker in terms of number of outlets. The year 2012 was a notable increase in the number of independent small businesses that sold premium- quality artisanal baked goods. Entrepreneurs saw opportunity in higher quality products due to the success of chained premium baked goods stores such as Bread Talk. Better economic conditions in 2012 helped drive the trend for premiumization. Today growing in the pastry industry means always being informed about product trends, new production techniques, new recipes. To cope with the industry, with the difficult market and with competition, a confectioner needs to grow continuously, to be trained, to improve and to increase this product offer.