Associations Between Assisted Suicide and Depression - Free Essay Example

Assisted Suicide Study Questions Its Use for Mentally Ill is a published article by The New York Times author, Benedict Carey. Carey references a 2016 study conducted by psychiatrist Scott Y. H. Kim, MD, PhD, in the JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association Psychiatry titled, Euthanasia and Assisted Suicide of Patients With Psychiatric Disorders in the Netherlands 2011 to 2014 (Carey, 2016). In the article, Benedict Carey assesses and summarizes the studyrs findings, claiming practices in the Netherlands for assisted suicide are questionable at best (Carey, 2016). According to Carey, the study gathered medical records and documentation from 2011-2014, where 66 patients had chosen doctor facilitated suicide, many who suffered from multiple psychiatric disorders and refused further treatment that may have benefited them (Carey, 2016). Patients requesting euthanasia reported loneliness and an inability to cope with untreatable illnesses (Carey, 2016). Women comprised a majority of the cases, and many of them were over 60 years old (Carey, 2016). Although depression was a factor, Carey cites that other problems such as personality disorders, autism, substance abuse, and eating disorders were combined with other physical diagnoses (Carey, 2016). The main problem with these cases were the way in which they were evaluated by medical doctors and psychiatrists. Several doctors disagreed with their patientrs desire for assisted suicide, which prompted severe cases to seek an alternative route via mobile end-of-life clinics, where patients would get assistance from doctors they had never seen before (Carey, 2016). Most, if not all, of these doctors were not trained psychiatrists and did not have the ability to fully assess their patientrs mental health before approving euthanasia (Carey, 2016). Benedict Carey concludes that although other countries allow assisted suicide for patients with mental illnesses and a variety of other disorders, the United States only allows this choice in five states (Carey, 2016). The main difference between the United States and countries like the Netherlands is criteria for assisted suicide is evaluated only with m entally competent, terminally ill adults (Carey, 2016). The timeliness of this article is recent, as it was published in 2016. The information is relatively current, but the study the article references was updated and published under a different title. Since more people are seeking assisted suicide yearly, there have been several new studies published to evaluate the significance and associations between mental illness and assisted suicide requests. This topic is expanded in further research articles to evaluate the specifics of psychiatric disorders and terminal illnesses, and whether practitioners can make clear and ethical decisions when patients want to end their lives. This article is not sufficient to form an opinion based on the amount of research provided. A more current peer-reviewed journal in combination with other research would be a better option. Although the article mentions depression, it is not fully relevant to determine associations between depression and assisted suicide. Due to the limited amount of information provided by the author, it is too basic even from a laymanrs perspective. Carey does reference the actual study once in his article and continues to pick random parts of the study without properly citing the material inserted. Upon a quick search, it appears there are several sources that would provide more detail to fully answer all questions in this segment of the assessment. Alone, this article does not pass the relevance part of the TRAAP assessment. In order to conduct research, one would need to find several other sources for relevancy purposes. In terms of authority, the publisher is The New York Times, which is an opinion-based news source. They have multiple freelance writers who publish articles ranging anywhere from politics to healthcare to sports. The author for this article is Benedict Carey, who is a freelance writer. Although he has written other articles related to psychology, his academic background is in mathematics and journalism. A hyperlink is provided in the article by Carey, where his background and three published books are mentioned. After conducting a quick search, many of his articles are superficial and focus on attention grabbing titles with limited information. He is in no way an expert on this topic, which is evident, as he cherry-picks research methods and conclusions from the study to support his journalistic writing. Most news articles are reviewed by an editor, but no information was found in the article to suggested this. Based on authority alone, the author does not have enough credibi lity to assess the seriousness of this highly controversial topic. Further research would be necessary to find a non-biased report or article. Benedict Careyrs article references the original study from which he attempts to summarize. However, there is some confusion as the study was updated at least once, and a similar study by the same researcher was published with a different title around the same time. It appears Carey may have used the original study to support his claims. In regard to the study, research was not conducted well, and there appears to be several gaps of missing information. For example, the study does not set up a comparison group or have a logical flow. Careyrs article is similar in flow, as it seems disorganized, with random quotes thrown in without proper citation. Although the article first appears to take a non-biased approach, the title itself is biased. Upon further investigation, Carey picks evidence to support the title making it a biased article. There is no way to replicate the research, as the article is an opinion-based piece. Without the link to the original study, there is no way to figure out whether the author wrote this piece based on previous research or personal opinion. Due to this information, the accuracy of this article is highly questionable, and one would be advised to search for other research articles. The main purpose of this article is to persuade the targeted audience to form negative opinions about assisted suicide in any case. The intentions are clear, as Carey specifically highlights disagreements between doctors and psychiatrists on the subject (Carey, 2016). He even goes above and beyond by mentioning an outlier in the study: an elderly woman seeking euthanasia for loneliness without any physical or psychiatric diagnoses (Carey, 2016). The information provided is based on one single study, but Carey cherry-picks the evidence to support his claims. He seems to be very interested in suicide and mental illness, as further research provides a link to his articles, which many focus on these subjects. Although Carey is summarizing this specific study, his perceived bias keeps him from asking pertinent questions, such as: What have other studies regarding this topic produced? What are the factors in everyone seeking assisted suicide, and is there a possibility they are just ified? Have people who suffer from depression or other forms of mental illness been used as a comparison group? From this point of view, Carey would have a less biased and more informed article to accurately present. The purpose of this article is not sufficient on its own as a reference for a research paper. It was difficult assessing this article with the TRAAP test, as it is merely an article and provides little to no information that one would have access to from a peer-reviewed journal. Many of the questions involved in the TRAAP test ask specifics about research validity, but the article itself is not research. Due to the length and coverage of the article, it was challenging to answer all TRAAP questions thoroughly. Based on the criteria of the TRAAP test, this article fails in almost all aspects. Even though the study referenced is fairly recent, it does not provide enough research to fully convey the difficult decisions one faces when considering euthanasia. Benedict Carey is not a doctor or psychiatrist, nor is he affiliated with any scientific organizations, so his article fails authority with this specific subject. The relevance and accuracy of the article are questionable, as well, since the information provided is basic and leaves the reader with many unanswered questi ons that should have been addressed in the conclusion. Furthermore, the purpose fails the TRAAP test because the author is writing from a biased position. When determining the efficacy of research regarding assisted suicide and depression, the author could have picked a different study that provided more information about patient demographics. Alternatively, Carey could have put more thought into the article and written a non-biased review. The article in itself is short and seems to be very disorganized. It seems the author rushed through the writing process as the study was published shortly before the written article. If this had anything to do with being the first to break a story, his intentions were less to inform and aimed more for the number of hits or clicks to a link. Taking the time to read through such a controversial topic and report on it without bias would make the article more reliable. If the author had consulted with other physicians and used multiple studies to compare the associations of assisted suicide and depression, there would possibly be more validity in his work. Overall, the article is not a reliable source to assess the association between assisted suicide and depression. References Carey, B. (2016, February 10). Assisted Suicide Study Questions Its Use for Mentally Ill. Retrieved September 27, 2018, from The New York Times: https://www.nytimes.com/2016/02/11/health/assisted-suicide-mental-disorders.html

Describe the Type of Memory Loss - 794 Words

1.2 Describe the types of memory impairment commonly experienced by individuals with dementia. Memory problems are usually the most obvious symptom in people with dementia. For example, a person with early stages of dementia might go to the shops and then cannot remember what they wanted. It is also common to misplace objects. As dementia progresses, sometimes memory loss for recent events is severe and the person may appear to be living in the past. They may think of themselves as young and not recognise their true age. At first, someone with dementia may appear to be easily irritated or moody. More challenging behaviour may develop in some people over time. For example, in some cases, a person with dementia may become quite†¦show more content†¦Some of the most common symptoms include a of loss inhibition (saying or doing things which are socially inappropriate), reduced empathy (problems understanding and responding to the needs of others), problems with planning and organising activities, increased distractibility, changes in food preference (a propensity to eat large quantities of sweet food) and a tendency to develop compulsive rituals (e.g. watching the same movie repeatedly). (2) Progressive non-fluent aphasia (PNFA) is characterised by problems with speech production. Individuals may struggle to find the correct words when engaging in conversation. Often individuals will struggle to pronounce words correctly (especially if they have more than two syllables), and their speech will lack appropriate grammar. Problems understanding speech can also be present, especially if the sentence contains complex grammar. 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Should Elderly Live in Old Folks Home - 897 Words

3. â€Å" The elderly should live in old folks’ home. † Give your opinion. You should write at least 350 words, illustrate your opinion with examples. Caring for the aged has recently been one of the main concerns among many individuals in today’s society. More and more individuals are choosing to send their elderly parents to old folks’ homes instead of living under the same roof as them. The debate has heated among the community today. There are people that agreed to this statement as well as opposed it. However, in my humble opinion, I think that the elderly should live in old folks’ home. Although the thought of placing a beloved parent in a nursing home likely inspires feelings of guilt, it can be a beneficial option for providing†¦show more content†¦Besides that, old folks’ home offer regularly scheduled activities to build a sense of community among elderly. For instance, they will organize some field trips and sightseeing at local landmarks for the elderly that have good physical ability so that they can pass their leisure time doing meaningful things. Not only that, the elderly may en joy chatting, watching movies or playing games with people of same aged and there will be no problem such as generation gap. Not only have that, this can also prevent the elderly from suffering depression. This is because the elderly spend most of their time sitting at home with no one talking to them as their family members may be out to work. Although the technologies nowadays are advanced but the elderly do not how to use those advanced gadgets as they are not born in the 21st century. As time passed, when they cannot express their feelings to the others, they might suffer from depression. 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Academic and Communication Problem †Free Samplers for Students

Question: Is Obesity The Problem Of The Consumers And Not Of The Producers? Answer: Introduction When fat gets accumulated in a persons body that it can have a negative effect on their health and this condition is known as obesity. A person having 20% more weight than required is considered obese. Every packaged product, one tears open to eat its content, has the calorie count printed in bold letters. Anyone who can read knows what they are eating and how it will affect their body. Still, when it comes to the blaming game, the responsibility of the problem of obesity is given to the companies, fast-food restaurants, and other food sellers who sell food which is sugary, high in fat, and salty. To decide whether it is the companies or the consumers who should be blamed for the problem of increasing obesity it is important to analyze both the factors (Burgess, Hassmen, Pumpa, 2017). The studies demonstrated that not only food habits, but many other factors contribute to the increasing obesity. Poor life-styles and socio-economic deprivation are some common factors that are prevale nt in the rapidly increasing obesity. With the alarming rates, obesity and being over-weight are becoming the reasons for many health problems which cause pressure on the health care system to find the solution for it (Elbel et al., 2013). In this essay the position of both consumers and companies will be evaluated to find who is responsible for the increasing problem of obesity. Obesity is no good and a control on it is an important factor that needs attention. In developed nations, the big food companies are under constant attack by health advocates saying that it is the junk food that makes the main contribution to the constantly growing waistline and chronic diseases. The results of obesity are the chronic diseases like type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart diseases. In addition, above all physical inactivity and smoking habits exacerbate the problems to its maximum level. This tendency is found more prominent amongst people of lower socio-economic status (Han et al., 2014). Though the lifestyles may vary from country to country, the drivers for obesity were found to be poor lifestyles and the deprived socio-economic status of people. It is said that the influence of physiological and lifestyle stress affects the person and results in increased body fat and issues of obesity. Apart from adults, children are also becoming obese, and, in the last thre e decades, the problem of child obesity has risen substantially. The policy makers are working hard to control the epidemic, obesity is causing, but the issue is to find the main cause of obesity in people ranging from 5 years to 60 years of age which researcher have not found et (Larson, Ellison,2014). Obesity has turned into an epidemic, which has affected people of every age, gender, and economic status. There has been a major debate over fast-food companies and other food companies and whether they are responsible for the obesity. People have even called fast-food the new tobacco as people become addicted to it and face its harmful prospects in the future. The advertisements of tasty, nice smelling, and looking fast-food with some free toys are filling the main time-slots of television attracts everyone including children to the food the company is selling. To attract the customer companies, spend a lot on these advertisements. The debaters say that the advertisements of healthy food like fruit, and milk, are non-existent which makes it difficult to ignore the junk food (Lobstein et al., 2015). The food industry says that they are just advertising what people are asking for. They say that they are not forcing anyone to eat their products, and also, they are following the policie s of the government to control the increasing obesity which includes mentioning the nutritional values of the food on the packaging. It clearly says the amount of salt, sugar, fat, carbohydrates, and other relevant information that the food contains. When they are not hiding anything, why are they to blame for increasing obesity. Moreover, for selling their products, they have to use promotional methods, and in that, they are going to make their food look good and delicious, not as a reason for obesity. As per food companies the customers are sensible enough to decide that the promoted product is healthy for them or not. A company is never forces anyone to make the purchase and consume their product so they cannot be held responsible for increasing obesity (Morrisson, 2011). It is true, that nobody forces anyone to eat the food full of sugar, carbohydrates, and fat that the companies are selling. This side of the debate says that it is a consumers responsibility to manage what a person is eating and how it is going to affect him. Furthermore, if a person is eating food which can result in obesity, proper exercise and care need to be taken. If a person has the purchasing power and liking for something, it becomes their personal choice to make the purchase and eat the product or understand the ill impact it is going to cause and avoid it (Peretti, 2013). A healthy lifestyle also reduces the unhealthy effects of fast-food. People say that advertisements of the consumer products are so attractive and convincing that people get bound to make the purchase of the product. Companies like McDonalds give toys with a specially segmented happy meal for children, which attracts the children and they force their parents to make the purchase. However, no one asks paren ts to purchase a big box of French fries and let children sit and watch television while devouring it and later complain about increasing obesity. Sensibility lies in deciding whether the product is good for health or not(Stanish, 2010). Responsible or not, it is the time for food companies to become realistic when advertising their food products, for children especially. There are many companies that are selling food that is being segmented as healthy, but they hide the negative facts of it. For example, Kelloggs company was sued in the US for advertising their nutria-grain bar as healthy as a bowl of salad or a glass of milk, whereas the claim says that the company is not showing the level of sugar and fats the nutria-grain bar has, which increases the trans-fat in the body and may result in heart disease. Even people personally and as a parent have to be responsible for deciding how they are eating and in what quantity. They should consider their life style also to avoid the epidemic of obesity affecting them or their children and the result will be a healthier world(Zheng, 2016). Conclusion Obesity negatively affect the health and this is a fact. A healthy life style and a thought before eating are very important to keep the issues like obesity away.Humans are smart enough to decide what is good for them. Even companies selling products that may result in obesity, especially for children, must feel the responsibility of showing a contribution to the healthy population and the future generations. The socio-economic factors and lifestyle of the people are affecting the increasing rate of obesity in the developed, and developing countries, and policies are required that affect positively in controlling the increasing obesity. Hence, it is concluded that both the consumers and the producers are responsible for the increasing obesity. References Burgess, E., Hassmen, P., Pumpa, K. (2017). Determinants of adherence to lifestyle intervention in adults with obesity: a systematic review. Clinical Obesity, 7(3), 123-135. Elbel, B., Mijanovich, T., Dixon, L., Abrams, C., Weitzman, B., Kersh, R. (2013). Calorie labelling, fast food purchasing and restaurant visits. Obesity, 21(11), 2172-2179. Han, T., Lee, D., Lean, M., Finn, J., O'Neill, T., Bartfai, G. (2014). Associations of obesity with socioeconomic and lifestyle factors in middle-aged and elderly men: European Male Aging Study (EMAS). European Journal of Management, 172(1), 59-67. Ing, B. (2014). Viewpoint: Who is to Blame for Childhood Obesity?. Thespec.com. The Hamilton Spectator, 1(1), 1. Larson, D., Ellison, B. (2014). Whos to blame for obesity? Policy makers, the food industry, or individuals? | ACES News :: College of ACES, University of Illinois. News.aces.illinois.edu. Lobstein, T., Jackson-Leach, R., Moodie, M., Hall, K., Gortmaker, S., Swinburn, B. (2015). Child and adolescent obesity: Part of a bigger picture. The Lancet, 385(9986), 2510-2520. Morrison, M. (2017). Ad Age Homepage - AdAge. Adageindia.in. Retrieved 24 May 2017, from https://www.adageindia.in/ Peretti, J. (2017). Fat profits: how the food industry cashed in on obesity. the Guardian. Retrieved 24 May 2017, from https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2013/aug/07/fat-profits-food-industry-obesity Stanish, J. (2017). The Obesity Epidemic in America and the Responsibility of Big Food Manufacturers. Inquiries Journals, 2(11), 1. Retrieved from https://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles Zheng, T. (2016). Research on food companies' social responsibilities from the perspective of the food safety. Advance Journal of Food Science and Technology, 12(4), 212-218.